Can heavy isotopes increase lifespan? Studies of relative abundance in various organisms reveal chemical perspectives on aging
نویسندگان
چکیده
Stable heavy isotopes co-exist with their lighter counterparts in all elements commonly found in biology. These heavy isotopes represent a low natural abundance in isotopic composition but impose great retardation effects in chemical reactions because of kinetic isotopic effects (KIEs). Previous isotope analyses have recorded pervasive enrichment or depletion of heavy isotopes in various organisms, strongly supporting the capability of biological systems to distinguish different isotopes. This capability has recently been found to lead to general decline of heavy isotopes in metabolites during yeast aging. Conversely, supplementing heavy isotopes in growth medium promotes longevity. Whether this observation prevails in other organisms is not known, but it potentially bears promise in promoting human longevity.
منابع مشابه
Determination of the effects of food preservatives benzoic acid and sodium nitrate on lifespan, fertility and physical growth in Caenorhabditis elegans
Presently, the use of protective food additives such as benzoic acid and sodium nitrate is quite common. However, it was found that these additives, which initially appeared to be harmless, led to the emergence of a number of health problems. Cancer and diseases and deaths with no apparent causes are among the leading concerns. Therefore, the studies which can reveal the genotoxic potential of ...
متن کاملGenes encoding longevity: from model organisms to humans.
Ample evidence from model organisms has indicated that subtle variation in genes can dramatically influence lifespan. The key genes and molecular pathways that have been identified so far encode for metabolism, maintenance and repair mechanisms that minimize age-related accumulation of permanent damage. Here, we describe the evolutionary conserved genes that are involved in lifespan regulation ...
متن کاملSubacute calorie restriction and rapamycin discordantly alter mouse liver proteome homeostasis and reverse aging effects
Calorie restriction (CR) and rapamycin (RP) extend lifespan and improve health across model organisms. Both treatments inhibit mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling, a conserved longevity pathway and a key regulator of protein homeostasis, yet their effects on proteome homeostasis are relatively unknown. To comprehensively study the effects of aging, CR, and RP on protein homeostasis, ...
متن کاملThe Effects of Aging on Proteasome Activity, Assembly, and Abundance in C. elegans
Abstract: Aging is associated with the accumulation of misfolded and damaged proteins. This accumulation is the result of an imbalance of proper protein folding, maintenance, and disposal. Maintaining proteostasis is critical to the health and life of an organism. While studies consistently observe that the proteostasis network diminishes with age, the effects on individual mechanisms have not ...
متن کاملGeroprotectors.org: a new, structured and curated database of current therapeutic interventions in aging and age-related disease
As the level of interest in aging research increases, there is a growing number of geroprotectors, or therapeutic interventions that aim to extend the healthy lifespan and repair or reduce aging-related damage in model organisms and, eventually, in humans. There is a clear need for a manually-curated database of geroprotectors to compile and index their effects on aging and age-related diseases...
متن کامل